The search tool is a work in progress. It is periodically updated as the Digital Thoreau editorial team continues to identify correspondences between the images and Thoreau’s text. In the future, we plan to create a mechanism for readers to help us with this work.
Use the table below to find one or more images from the digitized manuscript of Walden corresponding to a paragraph or sub-paragraph (“paragraph segment”) in Walden: A Fluid-Text Edition. Or go in the other direction, searching a manuscript image by number to discover where writing on the manuscript page may be found in the fluid-text transcription of the manuscript versions.
For example, typing “Eco-2b” (no quotation marks) in the search box reveals that content from “Economy,” paragraph segment 2b in the fluid-text edition may be found on at least four manuscript pages, one each from manuscript versions A and B, and two from version C. Each search result will show you two linked thumbnails you can use to visit an image. Thumbnails labeled “F” point to full-size images, which can take a while to load in your browser, even with a high-speed internet connection. Thumbnails labeled “H” point to images on the Huntington Library website, which load more quickly and are accompanied by metadata and other information. Thumbnails “F” and “H” for Image #8 point to the same manuscript page at full-size and on the Huntington site, respectively.
The dropdown just above the table will let you display up to 100 results per search.
If you type “125” in the search box, the top result reveals that this manuscript page is from Version A — the first manuscript version of Walden — and contains content from paragraphs 19b and 21c of the chapter, “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.”
Below are detailed instructions for using the search tool, including an explanation of the manuscript image numbering system and the abbreviations used in the table.
Detailed instructions
Manuscript vs. fluid-text edition
The main purpose of the search tool is to enable you to compare the fluid-text edition with Thoreau’s own manuscript pages. The fluid-text edition is based on Ronald Clapper’s 1967 transcription of the manuscript. (See the edition’s “Introduction.”) Clapper’s transcription isn’t a diplomatic one — that is, Clapper didn’t attempt to represent the precise markings on a given manuscript surface but rather sought to provide a high-level view of insertions, cancellations, transpositions, and other changes. (For example, the transcription gives no indication of how a particular word was deleted — with a straight line, say, or a wavy one — and it doesn’t register where one line of writing ends and a new one begins. It does, however, indicate when text has been inserted in pencil as opposed to ink.) If you’re looking at a passage in the fluid-text edition and want to inspect the relevant manuscript surface or surfaces (possibly across multiple versions), the search tool can help you find what you’re looking for. Conversely, if you’re inspecting a manuscript surface and want to consult a transcription for help deciphering Thoreau’s handwriting or understanding his revisions, the search tool can help you get to the right location in the fluid-text edition.
Comparing the manuscript to the edition’s transcription, you’ll undoubtedly come across discrepancies. Some of these might arise from errors on Clapper’s part. (You’ve only to examine a few images of HM 924 to understand how easy it would have been for Clapper to omit a detail or misread a word, especially given that he didn’t have the luxury of enlarging high-resolution scans on a large computer monitor.) We’re developing a workflow for inviting readers to report errors of this kind that they believe they’ve found.
Other discrepancies may be the result of editorial decisions by Clapper that are entirely reasonable within the context of his aims. Above, we used paragraph segment 2b from “Economy” as an example of a passage to search for in our table. If you do, one of the results that will be returned to you is Image #9 from Version A. Yet if you consult the fluid-text edition, you’ll find that Clapper describes Economy 2b as first written in Version B, and you won’t find a paragraph segment marker for 2b in the column for Version A. Why not?
The question is best answered, perhaps, by first considering why the search table treats the page from Version A as one that includes content from 2b. In the excerpted region of Image #9 below, you can see that between the last word of 2a — “speaking” — and the first word of of 2c — “Perhaps” — Thoreau has held a place, as it were, for 2b with a penciled insertion consisting of a line drawn from the left margin, an inverted caret, and the words “I require &c.” We can’t tell at what point in his sequence of revisions Thoreau did this, or whether, in doing it, he was referencing the wording of 2b that we see in Version B or (as seems more likely), a passage from his journal, which he mined extensively for Walden content. In that passage, which dates from sometime between fall 1845 and winter 1846, Thoreau initially wrote, “I expect of any lecturer that he will read me a more or less simple & sincere account of his life–of what he has done & thought.” He then wrote “require” above the word “expect” without canceling either word (Journal 2: 1842-1848, ed. Robert Sattelmeyer [Princeton University Press, 1984], p. 141. The addition of “require” is reported in the Table of Alterations at the back of the volume; see 141.15 on p. 538.)
Thoreau’s placeholder insertion in Version A for what would become paragraph 2b. Click to enlarge in a new window/tab.Because the placeholder insertion in Version A contains some of what would eventually become 2b — if only two words — our search tool treats Image #9 as containing 2b content.
Clapper made a different editorial decision, possibly judging the two-word placeholder, with its uncertain timing and provenance, as insufficient evidence to assert that 2b was “first written” in A. Again, the decision would be a reasonable one, consistent with his aims. The screen capture below (click on it to enlarge it) may provide a helpful visual summary of the foregoing explanation.
“Economy” 2b as represented in Versions A-C and the Princeton Edition by the fluid text.
Accessing and identifying manuscript pages
There are two ways to access a given page of the Walden manuscript in the Huntington Library’s digital collection: through the viewer provided on the library’s website or at the underlying image file’s URL. For each image in HM924, the search tool provides a link to both the Huntington viewer and the URL for the underlying image file.
HM 924 Image #8 as it appears in the Huntington website’s viewer (left) and at the URL for the full-size image (right).
The full-size image files are large and can take quite a while to load in a browser, especially with a lower-speed internet connection. The Huntington viewer will load images much faster. Within the viewer, you can scroll to adjust the size of the image. The last entry in the list under each image’s “Item Description” is a link to a “IIIF image” for the item. This link is another way to access the image at full size. (More below on IIIF.)
In the Huntington viewer, you can also page forward and backward through the manuscript and examine image metadata.
Important: The page number that you’ll find in the column to the right of each image in the Huntington viewer corresponds to a page number in one of the seven bound volumes of HM924. These numbers are not the same as those in the leftmost column of the search tool. In the search tool, each image has been assigned a number based on the image’s URL, whether in the viewer or at the location of the full-size image. For example, the image identified as “p. 1” of Volume A on the Huntington site has the URL https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/8 and is identical to the full-size image at https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/iiif/p16003coll16/8/full/full/0/default.jpg. Note the “8” in each URL. In the search table, this is Image #8. (Note, too, that the number beneath the image in the viewer is 9. The numbers beneath the images do not necessarily correspond with the image numbers in the search table, either.
Image #8 as seen in the Huntington manuscript viewer. It is the ninth image in this volume and the first MS page in the volume.
In summary, the image numbers in the search table correspond reliably to the image URLs in both locations (Huntington, full-size), making them the best way to identify any particular image so as to make it findable in either location.
Finally, note that the numbers reflect the order in which images were scanned. Volume 7 (Version G) was scanned before Volume 6 (Version F), so the numbers for the later volume are lower than those for the earlier one. Again, the important point is that each number is a reliable identifier for that image at whatever location you’re viewing it.
Chapter abbreviations
The search tool uses the following abbreviations to represent the 18 chapters of Walden. Although the abbreviations contain upper- and lower-case letters, table searches are case-insensitive, so you’ll get the same result by typing “eco” as you would by typing “Eco.” When searching for all paragraph segments in a given chapter, you’ll likely want to include a hyphen in your search term so that, for example, your search for paragraph segments in “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For” doesn’t turn up rows that contain the word “will.” Searching for “WIL-” or “wil-” should get you the results you’re after.
Eco = Economy
WIL = Where I Lived, and What I Lived For
Rea = Reading
Sou = Sounds / [Railroad]
Sol = Solitude
Vis = Visitors
BeF = The Bean Field / [Beans]
Vil = The Village
Pon = The Ponds
BaF = Baker Farm
HL = Higher Laws / [Animal Food]
BN = Brute Neighbors / [Fall Animals]
HW = House-Warming
FIWV = Former Inhabitants; and Winter Visitors
WA = Winter Animals / [Animals]
PW = The Pond in Winter
Spr = Spring
Con = Conclusion
Examples of paragraph segments
Eco-2b = Economy, paragraph 2, segment 2b
Rea-2a = Reading, paragraph 2, segment 2a
Other abbreviations
NiW = Not in Walden
– = Not applicable or no data available yet
F = Full-size image
H = Image on the Huntington website
Using the Notes column
The Notes column of the search tool provides information about the contents and visible physical features of the pages and leaves shown in the images. Since the search tool is a work in progress, the absence of a note indicates only that the image of a page hasn’t yet been examined and annotated.
Frequently used categories of information are shown below, together with keywords you can use to search for them.
There are occasional notes about content that ended up in other works than Walden.
The abbreviation ChapLoc indicates the presence of a chapter title, title catchwords or catchphrases, and the start of chapter content in the manuscript. Searching for a particular passage in the manuscript is often easier if you can find the beginning of the chapter in which the passage is found.
Passages that the Digital Thoreau editorial team has focused on are likely to have detailed notes. For example, one of our ongoing projects is to construct a revision narrative for Thoreau’s description, in “Spring,” of the sand foliage at the Deep Cut. The core of this description is in “Spring” paragraphs 5 through 9, identified in the table as Spr-5 through Spr-9. If you search for these paragraph segments you’ll find extensive notes on sand foliage material in drafts A, F, and G.
Abbreviations used in Notes
AW = A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers (Princeton UP, 1980)
BW = Beth Witherell
ChapLoc = locating information, such as a chapter title, that marks the beginning of a chapter
Additions by Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (FBS wrote on every page of the MS; only a few are noted)
Sanborn
Blank pages
blank
Markers, such as chapter titles or catchwords, that indicate the beginning of a chapter
ChapLoc
Leaves or portions of leaves that Thoreau waxed together
wax
Portions of leaves (entire leaves are not noted)
portion
Repurposed leaves (recycled by Thoreau)
repurposed
Text in pencil
pencil
Thoreau’s page numbers
T’s "
Correlations of MS contents marked with “||” and turnovers from one sheet to the next in corrected proofs
proofsheet
Working with IIIF images
The Huntington Library’s images of HM 924 use the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF, for short), an interoperable technology and community framework for image delivery. The use of IIIF not only makes it possible for the Huntington to display each image, together with associated metadata, on its own site; it also enables scholars, teachers, and students to embed the images in their own digital projects. By using the IIIF syntax when pointing to an image, it’s possible to scale the image to a desired size, display only a particular region of the image, or rotate the image (for example, to make text written vertically in a page margin easier to read.)
Under the terms of the grant from the State University of New York that funded digitization of HM 924 and HM 925, written permission is not required to embed these images in your project, but you should be sure to provide attribution to the Huntington Library when you do so.
Complete information on the syntax for calling images via the IIIF API may be found on the IIIF website.
In the URL, the first full indicates the {region} and the second full indicates the {size}.
Thus, callinghttps://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/iiif/p16003coll16/8/full/pct:10/0/default.jpg will bring in the full page at 10% of its size:
Page 1 of A at 10%
Displaying a page region
To display a region of the image other than full, you can specify the coordinates of the region using absolute pixel values by replacing full with x,y,w,h where x = the number of pixels from the 0 position of the horizontal axis, y = the number of pixels from the 0 position of the vertical axis, w = the width of the region in pixels and h = the height of the region in pixels. (Note that the x,y coordinates 0,0 represent the upper left corner of the image, and that the upper left corner of the image is not the same as the upper left corner of the manuscript page, since the gray margin surrounding the page is part of the image.)
Thus, to display the bracketed and canceled passage on this page at 30% of its full size, we would want to call https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/iiif/p16003coll16/8/1150,6200,7000,2000/pct:30/0/default.jpg:
Page region
Determining the right coordinates for a region takes some finagling. If you download the image and open it in an image-viewing application such as Apple’s Preview, you should be able to get approximate coordinates. You can then pop the URL-with-coordinates into your browser’s location bar and, by repeatedly adjusting them and refreshing the browser, ascertain that you’re capturing the desired region.
Rotating images
To rotate an image region, replace the 0 with the desired rotation (e.g., 90 for 90 degrees).
For example, the URL https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/iiif/p16003coll16/434/800,737,1450,5870/pct:30/90/default.jpg will bring up the region with coordinates 800,737,1450,5870 on p. 1 of the B-C Version (Image #434 in the search table) rotated 90 degrees at 30%, making it easier to read what Thoreau has written vertically in the left margin:
Front cover of Volume I of HM 924, the manuscript of Walden, at the Huntington Library. Search tool includes all images of HM 924, including non-manuscript images such as this one. First MS page is Image #8.
Not in Walden: related to a February 1, 1852, Journal entry that in turn is associated with T's essay "Life without Principle," delivered as lectures titled "What Shall It Profit?" and "Life Misspent," from Dec 6, 1854, through Sept 9, 1860. Brad Dean writes that the inception of LwP was an index of J passages headed "Art of Life" that T compiled in late October 1854 ("Reconstruction of T's Early 'LwP' Lectures," [SAR 1987, p. 288]). The Feb 1, 1852, J passages are revised in ink and pencil and have a vertical use mark drawn through them vertically in pencil. Evidence that this paragraph was added to this leaf after A was composed in 1846-47: 1) "how many in the last month have started for California" refers to the gold rush, which began in earnest in 1849. 2) relationship of contents to 1852 J entry, noted above. 3) first level of handwriting on recto is carefully spaced and runs on as part of a larger work, prob lecture, because written on one side of leaf; paragraph on verso stands alone, hand is looser, suitable for a note to self but not for reading from the lecture stage. T could have chosen this leaf (or this leaf with others) as he was compiling material for LwP because contents of recto also fit "Art of Life" theme. Perhaps in 1854 T added it to that material; if so, somewhere along the line of transmission someone (Sanborn? the dealer George Hellman?) sorted it in with the leaves of A. BW 5.27.20
T's "15" in pencil in upper right corner
Tranposition: marked in ink over pencil; numbered "1" and "2" in ink (order of turtle dove and bay horse reversed). This is one of the best known passages in Walden.
Cancellation: Ink X made with straight lines over contents of entire page
Transposition: marked in ink, no numbers ("I have" marked to change to "have I")
T's "21" in pencil in upper right corner
Cancellation: Passage parenthesized in pencil then in ink; cancelled with straight, slanting pencilled lines and wavy pencilled line; passage is surrounded by ink line; ink line angles across passage; cancelled with wavy ink line. I judge that pencilled marks preceded ink ones.
T's "23" in pencil in upper right corner
Eco-35b: comfort of wearing . . . character.
Eco-35f: We know . . . scarecrow?
Eco-35k: Above all . . . endless.
Eco-36: A man . . . so that it was
T's "35" in pencil in upper right corner
Insertion: Interesting marking going on in the lower part of the page, where T recounts the fable of Momus. He revises his initial writing with interlineations and a passage written vertically in the left margin, then adds a large brace to the left of the passage. The point of the brace--two points, in fact-- appears on the preceding page, hm924v1n49. coming in from the right and positioning the passage below "is no house, and no house-keeper--" T's note "V Back" at the end of the passage reinforces the movement of the passage indicated by the brace. Then T cancels the entire pasage with large looping lines. (I judge that the three vertical marks in pencil that run the length of the page are later.) A version of the Momus material that incorporates revisions in this one begins on hm924v1n52 and concludes on hm924v1n53.
ChapLoc: Catchphrase about Complemental Verses
ChapLoc: Catchphrase about Hollowell Farm [Where I Lived]
T 's "Mercury's Reply to Poverty in Carew" in pencil in upper left; T's "S about Hollowell farm" in pencil
in middle right. "End of Economy." probably by Sanborn
WIL-16: to be mean . . . when there may be no enjoyment in it.
WIL-23: Time is but . . . concentrated in it. My instinct tells
WIL-20: The preacher instead of vexing . . . seeming fast but deadly slow. [interlined in ink]
Rea-7b: us as a . . . & wakeful hours to
Not in Walden: --have to gird up . . . for the combat.
Sou-1a: Yet after all . . . is copious & standard.
Not in Walden: For the tongue . . . all his actions, he learns to mutter.
Not in Walden: I read very little . . . for my
Not in Walden: With a more copious . . . they express will be forgotten. [written up the right side]
Sou-1b: The rays which . . . removed. [written up the right side]
Sou-1b: No method or . . . futurity. [written up the left side]
T's "157" in pencil in upper right corner
First full paragraph, marked in pencil with vertical use mark, appears in Spring 25b; pencilled interlineation within that paragraph not in Walden.
T's "161" in pencil in upper right corner
Upper four-fifths of the page contains contents from Brute Neighbors para 11, revised in pencil and then lined through in ink. Bottom fifth contains contents from para 16. At the top of the page, over the lined through material, T writes in ink "Consult the above authors further for their military customs." This may refer to the composition of the "battle of the ants" passage, which appears in BN paras 12-14; no other reference to those paras appears in this page.
FIWV-14: perhaps, Naure will try . . . hamlet.
FIWV-15b: And with such thoughts as these I lulled myself to sleep.
PW-1: VS I have awaked [pencil; see fn 1]
PW-3a: Early in the morning . . . artificial.
T's "201" in pencil in upper right corner
Spr-1: it was . . . in the middle [ink1 rev in pencil]
Not in Walden: The temperature of the river . . . freezing point. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Pon-13: The temperature of Hartwell . . . it.
PW-6a: As I was . . . sounding line.
PW- map: [area of 61 1/2 acres]
PW- map: [depth 102 feet in middle]
PW-8: As I sounded . . . shore. Cape [ink1 rev in ink1
PW-7a: The deepest ponds . . .shallow plate. [added in right margin, pencil rev in pencil]
T's "209" in pencil in upper right corner
PW-16a: house . . . summer there. [ink1 rev in in p]
PW-16b: It looks . . . underneath. [ink1 rev in ink1 and pencil]
PW-17a: In the winter . . . I did not know [ink1 rev in ink1 ink2 and pencil]
T's "213" in pencil in upper right corner
Not in Walden: in the Almanack–his shanty. [ink1]
PW-18: In a good day . . . about one acre. [ink1 rev in pencil]
PW-18: This heap . . . till Sep. 1848 [interlined, ink2 rev in pencil]
Not in Walden: The ice was put to many novel uses– [ink1]
PW-18: The horses ate . . . like a bucket. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Not in Walden: The workmen . . . handling it. [interlined, ink2 rev in pencil]
PW-20: From my window . . . of the fable of [ink1 rev in pencil]
PW-19c: Ice is a curious . . . intellect. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Spr-1: Ice has its grain . . . surface. [interlined, ink2 rev in ink2]
Spr-1: They were not . . . replace the old. [ink1 rev in ink1]
PW-20: From my window . . . the fable of [ink1 rev in pencil]
T's "217" in pencil in upper right corner
PW-21: islands of Atlantis . . . heard only the names. [ink1 rev in ink1 and pencil]
Not in Walden: end [pencil]
Spr-3: The ice . . . grew warmer, it [ink1 rev in ink1 and pencil]
Spr-3: was not . . . 25th " March [ink1 rev in ink2 and pencil]
HW-12b: it froze . . . greater depth. [ink1 rev in ink 2 and pencil]
Spr-1: Probably the sun warms . . . in a single spring rain. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Not in Walden: As you may make . . . from the sun. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Spr-1: The ice in the shallowest [ink1]
Spr-1: The temp of the mid of Walden P . . . This diff. v p 201 [added in left margin, pencil rev in pencil]
Spr-4b: of a vast . . . and silent again. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Spr-5: v end of Sand foliage At length the sun's rays [interlined in pencil]
Spr-11: But we must . . . than their [ink1 rev in ink2 and pencil]
T's "235" in pencil in upper right corner
Spr-24: With the liability . . . bear to be stereotyped.
Not in Walden: [written vertically in pencil; careted in following "stereotyped"; used in "Walking," Excursions 203-204} How near to good is what is wild. Hope & the future for me are not in lawns and cultivated fields, not in towns & cities but in the impervious & quaking swamps. When I have analysed my affection for some farm which I VS
Spr-25a: Early in May . . . I had heard
Spr-25a: long before-- [ink1]
Spr-25c: The pollen of the . . . higher grass-- [ink1 rev in ink1 and pencil]
Spr-26: Thus was . . . 1847 [ink1 and ink2 and pencil]
Spr-25b: The phoebe . . . premises. [ink2 rev in pencil]
Spr-25c: [too faint to read all of this without more study, but "sulphur showers" occurs twice] [pencil]
Con-4: It seemed to me . . . time for this one. [pencil]
Spr-25c: This is the origin of those paragraphs . . . VS about pollen. [pencil]
Spr-25c?: vs at some seasons ["at some seasons" occurs in Eco-37, but I think this refers to the pollen; pencil]
Spr-25c?: Perhaps I have . . . current. [not in Walden; this also seems to be about the pollen; pencil]
Not in Walden: Justice--Mercy--Peace . . . New England mornings.
Con-16: As if one . . . with goodness afore- / thought.
Not in Walden: Shall vice give a name to virtue? . . . will have no place nor occasion then.
Eco-10a men had . . . rose clear
[center portion of leaf is missing; it was offered by Christie's in 2012. See Walden MSS not HM 924. Contents are Eco-10a It is never . . . you can't do]
Eco-10a you try and find . . . a-going. New
Eco-10a people put . . . for it has not
Eco-15 Confucius said &c vnp When I find that one man . . . on that basis [added in penci]
Eco-12 The whole ground &c [added in pencil]
[center portion of leaf is missing; it was offered by Christie's in 2012. See Walden MSS not HM 924. Contents are Eco-10a profited . . . lost Eco-10b One may . . .
childhood or nature Eco-11 One farmer says . . . obstacle]
Eco-11 Some things . . . unknown
Eco-15 Confucius said &c v back [added in pencil]
Eco-83d I know a robust . . . as she has
Eco-83d since learned . . . coffee!
Eco-13b Nature and . . . this would be
Eco-15 Confucius said to know . . . basis [added in pencil]
Eco-12 The whole ground . . . how we should
no break [pencil]
|| [pencil (sufficiently || cooked)]: close to the turn from p. 16 to p. 17 in proofsheets, which is near the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1330
^ v s [pencil]
all text in pencil; Clapper: "Economy 17c was added in pencil [in C] on the verso of a leaf from B". Possibly not added until 1851; see Journal for June 11, 1851.
T's "27" in pencil in upper right corner. Pencilled poem, 8 lines, beginning "He knows no change who knows the true," follows end of 22b. Marked off in pencil with "Copy" by Sanborn. Poem inserted by Sanborn into "Spring" chapter in 1909 Bibliophile Society Walden.
ChapLoc: Start of Sounds content, with early version of Reading content
Material on this page relates to the second paragraphs of both Reading and Sounds.
Seventeen lines from the top, Sanborn has filled in a space T left blank with "crest:" in pencil, then cancelled "crest" and interlined "visor" above
Sou-9 nocent . . . unwearied!
|| [pencil (with || giant)]: coincides with the turn from p. 127 to p. 128 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1404
Sou-9 were as . . . unwearied
Sou-10a Far . . . lozenge boys. [pencil under ink text]
Sou-11b Yet I confess that [cancelled in pencil] I am . . . covered with
|| [pencil (undevel- / oped || nature)]: coincides with the turn from p. 136 to p. 137 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1410
ChapLoc: Catchphrase for start of The Ponds
Village 2a, 2b, 2c followed by "[para sign]Sometimes having had a surfeit", the first phrase in "The Ponds"
Crosswriten vertically on the left, in pencil, is more material about walking in the dark and hearing others singing; this
is not in Walden
FIWH-11c: to roost . . . will he want more.
Not in Walden: How it fares with him . . . any means learn.
FIWV-11a: As I have said . . . of these woods [pencil]
T quotes original verse by Gawain Douglas, added to his translation of the Aeneid, in a versioni translated into modern English by Warton. This is not in Walden.
ChapLoc: Catchphrases for Spr-24: Our village life and With the liability &c
Continuation of Douglas material is not in Walden; two catchphrases in pencil refer to parts of para 24: Then Our village life 2 pages then with the liability &c
Not in Walden.
AW, 262: The friend . . . The smothered streams &c
AW, 264: our courses do not . . . centre.
AW, 284: Although friendship . . . connected."
Line in ink upside down, "Friendship is a natural and durable league.", relates to AW material on recto of this leaf.
Eco-85b: I saw . . . easily still-- [pencil]
Eco-85c: & finally . . . after it. [pencil]
T leaves two blank spaces in the ink version: I wish to say some- / thing not so much concerning the / Chinese and Sandwich Islanders / as concerning you who / , who are said to live in / New England
and
outward condition or circum- / stances in this world in this / what it is,
Following "who" he initially writes, in pencil, "hear this / lecture"; he revises in pencil to "read this / book" and then to "these / pages
Following "in this" he initially writes, in pencil, "city" and revises in pencil to "town"
|| [pencil (than || this)]: coincides with the turn from p. 55 to p. 56 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1356
T's "111" in pencil in upper right corner
Material written vertically in left margin may be part of a draft of "Ktaadn," an essay about Thoreau’s first trip to the Maine woods that was published in five parts in John Sartain’s Union Magazine of Literature and Art, beginning with the July 1848 issue. Thoreau took this trip from August 31 to September 10, 1846, and he composed a draft of a lecture about it in his Journal starting in mid-September 1846. He delivered the lecture at the Concord Lyceum on January 3, 1848. Thoreau reused the leaf to draft Eco-100a, b, c. Physically, this leaf could be part of the Berg Journal (April 17- 1846-December 1846), which is missing 18 leaves (J2, p. 473) or more likely MS Volume [I] (Winter 1846-1846–Spring 1848), probably missing 130 leaves (J2, p. 474) or MS Volume II (Summer-Fall 1848–April 1850), which is missing 31 leaves at the beginning (J3, p. 502).
ChapLoc: Start of Economy content
Not in Walden: We were astonished to meet away up here in New Hampshire. . . as 30 and better. He allowed that [These events happened during the walking portion of the trip T describes in A Week; T and John hiked to and up Agiocichook, leaving their boat "under Uncannunuc Mountain." See A Week 1980, pp. 298-315
Eco-8b: The ladies of the land . . . Frivolity & wretchedness go hand in hand. [Added vertically in left margin]
Not in Walden: I had the right of it. . . . was willing to do his part when he knew [Continuation of T's account of events that happened during the walking portion of the Week trip; see above]
Not in Walden: knew that he was not . . . advantages. [Continuation of T's account of events that happened during the walking portion of the Week trip; see above]
Eco-9b: It is the sum . . . desperate things.
Eco-9a The great mass . . . the bravery of minks and muskrats.
Not in Walden: Sadi tells us . . . A man may travel fast enough [See A Week 1980, p. 304]
Eco-8a: divinity stir within him? His highest . . . is there to bring that about?
Eco-8b: And the ladies . . . eternity.
Eco-9b: A stereotyped . . . under what
Eco-9b: are called . . . work.
Not in Walden: I remember . . . endeavoring to [this is a later version of the passage on p. 1, "Here was also a poor wretch . . . had a spite against him.", and p. 2, "I considered that . . . endeavoring to". See the "Not in Walden" note for p. 1 and p. 2, above]
Not in Walden: escape from . . . work. [this is a later version of the passage on p. 2, "escape from himself . . . was willing to do his part when he", and p. 3, "knew that he was not. And so he . . . advantages." See the "Not in Walden" note for p. 2 and p. 3, above]
Eco-9b: But It is the sum of all wisdom . . . desperate things.
Eco-9a: The mass of men . . . of minks and muskrats.
Eco-10a: When we consider what, . . . or in silence passes by as true, to-day,
Sou-10b of the former . . . off your head.
Sou-10c We have constructed . . . own affairs. [interlined in pencil]
Sou-11a After all . . . consciously devised.
Pon-7a: quantity of air . . . to be detected. [ink1]
Pon-5f: quantity of air.
Pon-8a: We have one . . . character. [ink1 rev in ink1]
Pon-8b: Successive nations . . . spring morning [ink1 rev in pencil]
Pon-9a: Yet the first . . . occupants of the land. [ink1 rev in ink1]. A related Journal passage is dated November 9, 1852, which suggests either that T was still working on D (dated early 1852 to September 1852) in November or that this leaf is from a later draft, perhaps E (September 1852-1853).
|| [pencil (through || all)]: coincides with the turn from p. 246 to p. 247 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1484
In terms of paper structure, verso precedes recto, but content runs from verso to recto. T's " 103" in pencil in upper right corner
Eco-89: My furniture . . . I could never tell
Eco-89: that they have some . . . barn.
Eco-89: By the way, I look upon England today . . . at least [interlined in pencil]
Eco-89: It would surpass the powers . . . & run. When [added in left margin in pencil]
Eco-89: I have met . . . paw into it.
NiW: I saw the other day . . . cheering sight.
NiW: In the meanwhile . . . farewell is pining [added in pencil]
Repurposed leaf: Paper is a quarter piece of large format paper T used in making surveying maps and phenological charts. In terms of paper structure, verso precedes recto, but content runs from verso to recto.
Repurposed leaf: Paper is a quarter piece of large format paper T used in making surveying maps and phenological charts. This page contains surveying diagrams and calculations in pencil, under the ink text.
Entire text in pencil: Summary of paras 12-14 in Conclusion: No face of the matter--However mean your life--If you are restricted in your range--angle of a leaden wall--my neighbors tell me--Hard bottom 6 ps in all
In terms of paper structure, verso precedes recto.
Repurposed leaf
This is the originally blank leaf of a bifolio that was part of a letter (note missing area where sealing wax is on recto).
NiW: dren who sat . . . sciatica.
Eco-91: Xref: Not long since [written over pencilled Only the other day &c] V 3 ps forward [in pencil]
Eco-92: The customs . . . thing whether
The paper and ink of this leaf (images 676/677) and the continuity of the text from the preceding leaf (images 674/675) support its inclusion in Draft E. However, manuscript evidence supports the conclusion that in the process of composition Thoreau moved the leaf to Draft G and it was in Draft G when he read the corrected proof for this part of the book.
Eco-92: and passion . . . favor."
Eco-93 & Eco-94: "On the fourth . . . and pure flame."
Eco-94: They then feast . . . themselves."
Eco-95: The mexicans . . . end-- [added inpencl]
Eco-96: I have scarcely . . . of an inward
Eco-96: and spiritual . . . revelation.
NiW: But either . . . apprehended it.
Eco-91: Not long since . . . dust.
Eco-97a: For more than 5 years [added in pencl]
Eco-95: The mexicans . . . an end [added in pencil]
[illegible added in pencil]
Eco-109b: which reformed . . . of light
Eco-110b: All health . . . worthies of the world. [If then we would . . . as nature ourselves in pencil in right margin]
Xref: ^ vs Even the prophets [pencil]
ChapLoc: Start of Where I Lived, and What I Lived For content
Xref: ^ VS The real [pencil] {See hm924v4n573, where T refers to the same scrap following a later version of this passage.}
V-13b: without feathers . . . wrong way.
V-13c: He would . . . all day!"
V-13d: I asked . . . of weeds!"
V-13e: He would sometimes . . . improvement [interlined in pencil] ^ one winter day I asked him . . . the like virtues-- [pencil crosswritten over ink]
V-14a: There was a certain . . . own opinion,
BN-14 small species . . . Sweden".
BN-14 The battle . . . Bill. [interlined in penicl, then in ink]
BN-15a many a village bose [interiined in pencil]
BN-16a In the fall . . . patent
BN-17 loon . . . much faster
|| [pencil (place yours || nearest)]: coincides with the turn from p. 252 to p. 253 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://hdl.huntington.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1488]
BN-17 in New York . . . yet further than
^ once or twice v n p [pencil]
802-803 contain a re-casting of material on 800-801; "in New York" at top of 802 repeats/revises "Seneca Lake NY" near bottom of 800
ChapLoc: Title House Warming
Ellen Sturgis-Hooper's poetry, The Wood-Fire, "When I am glad or gay . . . And with us by the unequal light of the old wood-fire talked."
Animals [pencil following ink text; catchword]
Bright blue ink cancellation
21a: the only friend . . . right road."
Not in Walden: A thought . . . inland lake. VS He is &c [ref to 21b]
22b: There we worked . . . fable here
ChapLoc: Title Pond in Winter
Pond in Winter [pencil at top of page; other contents: draft of part of T's plan made for George Loring for a lead pipe machine. September 15, 1852 (see https://concordlibrary.org/special-collections/thoreau-surveys/84)]
ChapLoc: Spring content on leaves from 1846-48 MS Journal vol
NB: This leaf, https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1008 and https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1009, and the leaf that follows, https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1010 and
https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1011, as well as a leaf in 8, https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1300 and https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1299, belong to a now-fragmentary MS Journal volume that Thoreau filled from winter 1846-47 through spring 1848. The material on these leaves was probably written in spring 1848 (see PE J2, p. 462-465). The sand foliage material begins on https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1299 and continues on https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1008.
[I have done my best to identify paragraphs related to passages on each page, but these relationships
need closer examination and refinement. BW]
Spr-6: There lie the sand . . . degree of fineness and every shade of color--
Spr-7a: The whole bank . . . in one spring day.
Spr-7b: Each lobe of these earth leaves
Spr-8: perchance . . . larger or smaller
Reordering: pencilled 4, 6, 10, 8 written over 7, 7 , 9' [prime] wriiten over 9, 13
ChapLoc: Spring content on leaves from 1846-48 MS Journal vol
Spr-8: so perchance . . . and branch & branch again into a myriad others--
Spr-6: Here it is . . . adhesive clay--
Spr-6: And where the flowing mass reaches . . . the ripple marks on the bottom
Spr-8: The lobes are the . . . might have caused it flow farther.
Spr-9a: Thus is seemed as if . . . operations in nature.
Reordering: ink 14'' written over ink 2, pencilled 13 c in ink, ink 14', pencilled 9, pencilled 14, pencilled 17
ChapLoc: Spring content on leaves from 1846-48 MS Journal vol
Spr-7b: So the stream . . . as the springs which feed it.
Spr-7b and 8: I perceive that . . . clay this very day--
Spr-7a: I am in the studio of an artist who is even now a work--or rather at play--forming fresh designs.
Spr-6 and 7a: This cut is about a quarter of a . . . and forms masses and conglomerations
Not in Walden: but if it flowed upward . . . & unimpeded
Spr-6: clusters of graceful sprays overlying each other [ink1, cancelled in ink1]
Spr-8: Here you may see how blood vessels . . . up in the sands--
Not in Walden: It seemed so artful
Reordering: pencilled 16 written over 11, 11, 3, 15, 12
ChapLoc: Spring content on leaves from 1846-48 MS Journal vol
Spr-8: The thawing mass a stream . . . system & in the still finer sand & mould the flesh. [ink1 rev in ink1]
[written between lines of a draft of "Ktaadn" which begins "In the next ["10" altered to" 9"] miles which
completed" and ends "This is generally the order of names as you ascend the river &c v 81"]
ChapLoc: Spring content on anomalous leaf
[Repurposed leaf: T's first layer of writing on this page, a pencilled draft of his poem, "To the Comet," is visible here and there under the ink text. It takes up about
two-thirds of the page. The only other version of the poem is at the John Hay Library, Brown University (https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:206599/)]
Spr-8: as many lobes . . . might have caused it to flow yet further. [ink1 rev in ink1 and pencil]
Spr-6 and 7a: The material flowing downward, . . . conglomerations
Not in Walden: but if it flowed upward . . . open and airy.
Spr-8: In the morning . . . as the springs which feed it.
Spr-9a: Thus it seemed . . . inhabit it. [ink1 rev in pencil]
Spr-9a: In the spring of the year . . . that we may turn over a new leaf at last [written vertically in pencil in
right margin; not all of it is in Spr-9a]
In terms of paper structure, verso precedes recto, but content runs from verso to recto.
Repurposed leaf
Pon-11: This rise . . . circumstances--
Not in Walden: I have been
Not in Walden
Repurposed leaf
[pp. 57-58 are pages of a repurposed letter to Greeley & McElrath dated January 22, 1853. For the page containing the address, see https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1166]
Pon-10c Flint's Pond, allowing for the disturbance occasioned . . . [final para, in pencil]
3 or 4 white lines [pencil following ink text: instruction for the printer, though proofs are not set with space and T didn't add it https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1478 so printer's copy probably didn't include this]
ChapLoc: Title Animals [Winter Animals]
Animals [in pencil at top of page: "Animals" was an earlier name for "Brute Neighbors" in the table of contents in G (https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/904) but the content here is in "Winter Animals"]
Sanborn: P 419 [pencil} over T's Animals [pencil]
no break [pencil]
|| [pencil (only || shallow)]: coincides with the turn from p. [291] to p. 292 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1514 ]
^ v s [pencil]
ChapLoc: Title Former Inhabitants & Winter Visitors
Former Inhabitants & Winter Visitors [pencil at top of page]
¶ [ink preceding "for / human"; this is T's]
8-b: rider . . . for [vertically in pencil; catchwords] by it hangs the history of a family, [first line, ink]
Not in Walden: I have even though to make a drawing of it . . . about wit being the soul's powder.
9a: And once more . . . wall in the
[Bright blue ink top half of text]
12: bushes . . . wells of tears [ink] no break These cellar [pencil reference to ink "These cellar" on verso of this leaf]
Not in Walden: Wells must be among the oldest monuments . . . inspiration from
|| [pencil (rod || to)]: coincides with the turn from p. [303] to p. 304 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1522 ]
^ v s [pencil] probably refers to PW-2b
In terms of paper structure, verso precedes recto, but content runs from verso to recto.
Repurposed leaf
v n p [pencil reference to transposition of passage marked "2" on recto of the leaf with passage marked "1" on verso]
[pp. 159-60 are pages of a repurposed address leaf for a letter to "Greeley & McElrath / Tribune Building / New York" dated January 22, 1853. For the page containing the letter, see https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1065]
2 white lines [pencil following ink text; "2" written over "4 or 5". Extra vertical space appears in proofsheet here https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1530
[several temperature measurements given in numbers here appear as numbers in corrected proofs; above "3 1/2" T has written "letters" in pencil and proofsheets have "three and a half". See https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1534 , p. 321]
Spr-2b: and muskrats . . . does. Who v. l. p. [ink1 rev in ink1]
note in pencil to add ["4 or 5" rev to "2"] white lines
Spr-3: One attraction . . . exhausted, or see [ink1 rev in ink1]
Spr-4a: hear him express . . . out of the [ink1 rev in ink1] [in F, 4a and 4b are continuous]
Spr-4b: river, and he . . . water with a [ink1 rev in ink1]
ChapLoc: Title Conclusion
Conclusion [ink at top of page, written over pencilled French version of Rene Soudihouane quote from Jesuit Relations that appears in English on "Conclusion" page for G: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/995, but is not in Walden]
|| [pencil (quite || distinct)]: coincides with the turn from p. 345 to p. 346 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1550]
|| [pencil (buy || books)]: coincides with the turn from p. 351 to p. 352 in proofsheets, which is the end of one 3-page sheet: https://cdm16003.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p16003coll16/id/1554]
ChapLoc: Start of Economy content
Eco-38a: believe . . . now."
Not in Walden: I just had . . . size.
Eco-38b: Of what use . . . hang it on.
Not in Walden: This is not . . . thine be done.
Eco-38b: We worship not the
NiW: pewter spoons . . . disease sciatica.
Sol-4: If it should continue . . . grass it will be good for me [faint pencil beneath In the meanwhile . . . in her door, and]
Eco-91: Not long since . . . oft interred with their bones.”
FIWV-21b: met together . . . can not spare him.
FIWV-22a: Having each some shingles of thought . . . dissolve there.
FIWV-22b: There we worked . . . here and there, and
Image shows upper part of first page (1r) of bifolio onto which single leaf is waxed, and part of verso of
that single leaf (because it has been folded)
Spr-8: the water deposits . . . {covered by single leaf} body would ex- [on visible part of 1r of bifolio]
Not in Walden: We might say that the . . . Patagonia. [on visible part of verso of single leaf]
Image shows upper part of first page (1r) of bifolio onto which single leaf is waxed, and recto of that
single leaf. Part of 1r of bifolio is hidden under upper part of single leaf
Spr-8: the water deposits . . . palm leaf with its lobes & veins? [on visible part of 1r of bifolio]
Spr-8: The ear may be regarded . . . caused it to flow yet farther. [on recto of single leaf]
Image shows all but three or four lines of text on lower part of first page (1r) of bifolio onto which single
leaf is waxed, and verso of that single leaf. Single leaf has been lifted up for photo to reveal as much of
text on bifolio as possible without putting strain on wax adhering it to bifolio
Spr-8: {covered by single leaf} now loitering drop . . . on the side of the head. [on visible part of 1r of
bifolio]
Not in Walden: We might say that the . . . Patagonia. [on visible part of verso of single leaf]
